Unicode 对象和编解码器 ¶

Unicode 对象 ¶

Unicode 类型 ¶

These are the basic Unicode object types used for the Unicode implementation in Python:

Py_UNICODE ¶

This type represents the storage type which is used by Python internally as basis for holding Unicode ordinals. Python’s default builds use a 16-bit type for Py_UNICODE and store Unicode values internally as UCS2. It is also possible to build a UCS4 version of Python (most recent Linux distributions come with UCS4 builds of Python). These builds then use a 32-bit type for Py_UNICODE and store Unicode data internally as UCS4. On platforms where wchar_t is available and compatible with the chosen Python Unicode build variant, Py_UNICODE is a typedef alias for wchar_t to enhance native platform compatibility. On all other platforms, Py_UNICODE is a typedef alias for either unsigned short (UCS2) or unsigned long (UCS4).

Note that UCS2 and UCS4 Python builds are not binary compatible. Please keep this in mind when writing extensions or interfaces.

PyUnicodeObject ¶

此子类型的 PyObject represents a Python Unicode object.

PyTypeObject PyUnicode_Type ¶

此实例的 PyTypeObject represents the Python Unicode type. It is exposed to Python code as unicode and types.UnicodeType .

The following APIs are really C macros and can be used to do fast checks and to access internal read-only data of Unicode objects:

int PyUnicode_Check ( PyObject *o ) ¶

Return true if the object o is a Unicode object or an instance of a Unicode subtype.

2.2 版改变： Allowed subtypes to be accepted.

int PyUnicode_CheckExact ( PyObject *o ) ¶

Return true if the object o is a Unicode object, but not an instance of a subtype.

2.2 版新增。

Py_ssize_t PyUnicode_GET_SIZE ( PyObject *o ) ¶

Return the size of the object. o has to be a PyUnicodeObject (not checked).

Changed in version 2.5: This function returned an int type. This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.

Py_ssize_t PyUnicode_GET_DATA_SIZE ( PyObject *o ) ¶

Return the size of the object’s internal buffer in bytes. o has to be a PyUnicodeObject (not checked).

Changed in version 2.5: This function returned an int type. This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.

Py_UNICODE * PyUnicode_AS_UNICODE ( PyObject *o ) ¶

Return a pointer to the internal Py_UNICODE buffer of the object. o has to be a PyUnicodeObject (not checked).

const char* PyUnicode_AS_DATA ( PyObject *o ) ¶

Return a pointer to the internal buffer of the object. o has to be a PyUnicodeObject (not checked).

int PyUnicode_ClearFreeList ( ) ¶

Clear the free list. Return the total number of freed items.

2.6 版新增。

Unicode 字符特性 ¶

Unicode provides many different character properties. The most often needed ones are available through these macros which are mapped to C functions depending on the Python configuration.

int Py_UNICODE_ISSPACE ( Py_UNICODE ch ) ¶

返回 1 or 0 depending on whether ch is a whitespace character.

int Py_UNICODE_ISLOWER ( Py_UNICODE ch ) ¶

返回 1 or 0 depending on whether ch is a lowercase character.

int Py_UNICODE_ISUPPER ( Py_UNICODE ch ) ¶

返回 1 or 0 depending on whether ch is an uppercase character.

int Py_UNICODE_ISTITLE ( Py_UNICODE ch ) ¶

返回 1 or 0 depending on whether ch is a titlecase character.

int Py_UNICODE_ISLINEBREAK ( Py_UNICODE ch ) ¶

返回 1 or 0 depending on whether ch is a linebreak character.

int Py_UNICODE_ISDECIMAL ( Py_UNICODE ch ) ¶

返回 1 or 0 depending on whether ch is a decimal character.

int Py_UNICODE_ISDIGIT ( Py_UNICODE ch ) ¶

返回 1 or 0 depending on whether ch is a digit character.

int Py_UNICODE_ISNUMERIC ( Py_UNICODE ch ) ¶

返回 1 or 0 depending on whether ch is a numeric character.

int Py_UNICODE_ISALPHA ( Py_UNICODE ch ) ¶

返回 1 or 0 depending on whether ch is an alphabetic character.

int Py_UNICODE_ISALNUM ( Py_UNICODE ch ) ¶

返回 1 or 0 depending on whether ch is an alphanumeric character.

These APIs can be used for fast direct character conversions:

Py_UNICODE Py_UNICODE_TOLOWER ( Py_UNICODE ch ) ¶

Return the character ch converted to lower case.

Py_UNICODE Py_UNICODE_TOUPPER ( Py_UNICODE ch ) ¶

Return the character ch converted to upper case.

Py_UNICODE Py_UNICODE_TOTITLE ( Py_UNICODE ch ) ¶

Return the character ch converted to title case.

int Py_UNICODE_TODECIMAL ( Py_UNICODE ch ) ¶

Return the character ch converted to a decimal positive integer. Return -1 if this is not possible. This macro does not raise exceptions.

int Py_UNICODE_TODIGIT ( Py_UNICODE ch ) ¶

Return the character ch converted to a single digit integer. Return -1 if this is not possible. This macro does not raise exceptions.

double Py_UNICODE_TONUMERIC ( Py_UNICODE ch ) ¶

Return the character ch converted to a double. Return -1.0 if this is not possible. This macro does not raise exceptions.

Plain Py_UNICODE ¶

To create Unicode objects and access their basic sequence properties, use these APIs:

PyObject * PyUnicode_FromUnicode ( const Py_UNICODE *u , Py_ssize_t size ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

Create a Unicode object from the Py_UNICODE buffer u of the given size. u 可以是 NULL which causes the contents to be undefined. It is the user’s responsibility to fill in the needed data. The buffer is copied into the new object. If the buffer is not NULL , the return value might be a shared object. Therefore, modification of the resulting Unicode object is only allowed when u is NULL .

Changed in version 2.5: This function used an int type for size . This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.

PyObject * PyUnicode_FromStringAndSize ( const char *u , Py_ssize_t size ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

Create a Unicode object from the char buffer u . The bytes will be interpreted as being UTF-8 encoded. u 还可以为 NULL which causes the contents to be undefined. It is the user’s responsibility to fill in the needed data. The buffer is copied into the new object. If the buffer is not NULL , the return value might be a shared object. Therefore, modification of the resulting Unicode object is only allowed when u is NULL .

2.6 版新增。

PyObject * PyUnicode_FromString ( const char *u ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

Create a Unicode object from a UTF-8 encoded null-terminated char buffer u .

2.6 版新增。

PyObject * PyUnicode_FromFormat ( const char *format , ... ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

Take a C printf() -style format string and a variable number of arguments, calculate the size of the resulting Python unicode string and return a string with the values formatted into it. The variable arguments must be C types and must correspond exactly to the format characters in the format string. The following format characters are allowed:

格式字符	类型	注释
%%	n/a	The literal % character.
%c	int	A single character, represented as a C int.
%d	int	Exactly equivalent to printf("%d") .
%u	无符号 int	Exactly equivalent to printf("%u") .
%ld	long	Exactly equivalent to printf("%ld") .
%lu	unsigned long	Exactly equivalent to printf("%lu") .
%zd	Py_ssize_t	Exactly equivalent to printf("%zd") .
%zu	size_t	Exactly equivalent to printf("%zu") .
%i	int	Exactly equivalent to printf("%i") .
%x	int	Exactly equivalent to printf("%x") .
%s	char*	A null-terminated C character array.
%p	void*	The hex representation of a C pointer. Mostly equivalent to printf("%p") except that it is guaranteed to start with the literal 0x regardless of what the platform’s printf yields.
%U	PyObject*	A unicode object.
%V	PyObject*, char *	A unicode object (which may be NULL ) and a null-terminated C character array as a second parameter (which will be used, if the first parameter is NULL ).
%S	PyObject*	The result of calling PyObject_Unicode() .
%R	PyObject*	The result of calling PyObject_Repr() .

An unrecognized format character causes all the rest of the format string to be copied as-is to the result string, and any extra arguments discarded.

2.6 版新增。

PyObject * PyUnicode_FromFormatV ( const char *format , va_list vargs ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

等同于 PyUnicode_FromFormat() except that it takes exactly two arguments.

2.6 版新增。

Py_UNICODE * PyUnicode_AsUnicode ( PyObject *unicode ) ¶

Return a read-only pointer to the Unicode object’s internal Py_UNICODE buffer, NULL if unicode is not a Unicode object. Note that the resulting Py_UNICODE* string may contain embedded null characters, which would cause the string to be truncated when used in most C functions.

Py_ssize_t PyUnicode_GetSize ( PyObject *unicode ) ¶

Return the length of the Unicode object.

Changed in version 2.5: This function returned an int type. This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.

PyObject * PyUnicode_FromEncodedObject ( PyObject *obj , const char *encoding , const char *errors ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

Coerce an encoded object obj to a Unicode object and return a reference with incremented refcount.

String and other char buffer compatible objects are decoded according to the given encoding and using the error handling defined by errors. Both can be NULL to have the interface use the default values (see the next section for details).

All other objects, including Unicode objects, cause a TypeError to be set.

The API returns NULL if there was an error. The caller is responsible for decref’ing the returned objects.

PyObject * PyUnicode_FromObject ( PyObject *obj ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

Shortcut for PyUnicode_FromEncodedObject(obj, NULL, "strict") which is used throughout the interpreter whenever coercion to Unicode is needed.

If the platform supports wchar_t and provides a header file wchar.h, Python can interface directly to this type using the following functions. Support is optimized if Python’s own Py_UNICODE type is identical to the system’s wchar_t .

wchar_t 支持 ¶

wchar_t support for platforms which support it:

PyObject * PyUnicode_FromWideChar ( const wchar_t *w , Py_ssize_t size ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

Create a Unicode object from the wchar_t buffer w 为给定 size 。返回 NULL 当故障时。

Changed in version 2.5: This function used an int type for size . This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.

Py_ssize_t PyUnicode_AsWideChar ( PyUnicodeObject *unicode , wchar_t *w , Py_ssize_t size ) ¶

Copy the Unicode object contents into the wchar_t buffer w . At most size wchar_t characters are copied (excluding a possibly trailing 0-termination character). Return the number of wchar_t characters copied or -1 in case of an error. Note that the resulting wchar_t string may or may not be 0-terminated. It is the responsibility of the caller to make sure that the wchar_t string is 0-terminated in case this is required by the application. Also, note that the wchar_t* string might contain null characters, which would cause the string to be truncated when used with most C functions.

Changed in version 2.5: This function returned an int type and used an int type for size . This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.

内置编解码器 ¶

Python provides a set of built-in codecs which are written in C for speed. All of these codecs are directly usable via the following functions.

Many of the following APIs take two arguments encoding and errors, and they have the same semantics as the ones of the built-in unicode() Unicode object constructor.

Setting encoding to NULL causes the default encoding to be used which is ASCII. The file system calls should use Py_FileSystemDefaultEncoding as the encoding for file names. This variable should be treated as read-only: on some systems, it will be a pointer to a static string, on others, it will change at run-time (such as when the application invokes setlocale).

Error handling is set by errors which may also be set to NULL meaning to use the default handling defined for the codec. Default error handling for all built-in codecs is “strict” ( ValueError 被引发)。

The codecs all use a similar interface. Only deviation from the following generic ones are documented for simplicity.

一般编解码器 ¶

These are the generic codec APIs:

PyObject * PyUnicode_Decode ( const char *s , Py_ssize_t size , const char *encoding , const char *errors ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

Create a Unicode object by decoding size bytes of the encoded string s . encoding and errors have the same meaning as the parameters of the same name in the unicode() built-in function. The codec to be used is looked up using the Python codec registry. Return NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.

Changed in version 2.5: This function used an int type for size . This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.

PyObject * PyUnicode_Encode ( const Py_UNICODE *s , Py_ssize_t size , const char *encoding , const char *errors ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

编码 Py_UNICODE buffer s 为给定 size and return a Python string object. encoding and errors have the same meaning as the parameters of the same name in the Unicode encode() method. The codec to be used is looked up using the Python codec registry. Return NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.

Changed in version 2.5: This function used an int type for size . This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.

PyObject * PyUnicode_AsEncodedString ( PyObject *unicode , const char *encoding , const char *errors ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

Encode a Unicode object and return the result as Python string object. encoding and errors have the same meaning as the parameters of the same name in the Unicode encode() method. The codec to be used is looked up using the Python codec registry. Return NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.

UTF-8 编解码器 ¶

These are the UTF-8 codec APIs:

PyObject * PyUnicode_DecodeUTF8 ( const char *s , Py_ssize_t size , const char *errors ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

Create a Unicode object by decoding size bytes of the UTF-8 encoded string s 。返回 NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.

Changed in version 2.5: This function used an int type for size . This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.

PyObject * PyUnicode_DecodeUTF8Stateful ( const char *s , Py_ssize_t size , const char *errors , Py_ssize_t *consumed ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

若 consumed is NULL , behave like PyUnicode_DecodeUTF8() 。若 consumed 不是 NULL , trailing incomplete UTF-8 byte sequences will not be treated as an error. Those bytes will not be decoded and the number of bytes that have been decoded will be stored in consumed .

2.4 版新增。

Changed in version 2.5: This function used an int type for size . This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.

PyObject * PyUnicode_EncodeUTF8 ( const Py_UNICODE *s , Py_ssize_t size , const char *errors ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

编码 Py_UNICODE buffer s 为给定 size using UTF-8 and return a Python string object. Return NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.

Changed in version 2.5: This function used an int type for size . This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.

PyObject * PyUnicode_AsUTF8String ( PyObject *unicode ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

Encode a Unicode object using UTF-8 and return the result as Python string object. Error handling is “strict”. Return NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.

UTF-32 编解码器 ¶

These are the UTF-32 codec APIs:

PyObject * PyUnicode_DecodeUTF32 ( const char *s , Py_ssize_t size , const char *errors , int *byteorder ) ¶

解码 size bytes from a UTF-32 encoded buffer string and return the corresponding Unicode object. errors (if non- NULL ) defines the error handling. It defaults to “strict”.

若 byteorder 为非 NULL , the decoder starts decoding using the given byte order:

*byteorder == -1: little endian
*byteorder == 0:  native order
*byteorder == 1:  big endian
							

若 *byteorder is zero, and the first four bytes of the input data are a byte order mark (BOM), the decoder switches to this byte order and the BOM is not copied into the resulting Unicode string. If *byteorder is -1 or 1 , any byte order mark is copied to the output.

After completion, *byteorder is set to the current byte order at the end of input data.

In a narrow build code points outside the BMP will be decoded as surrogate pairs.

若 byteorder is NULL , the codec starts in native order mode.

返回 NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.

2.6 版新增。

PyObject * PyUnicode_DecodeUTF32Stateful ( const char *s , Py_ssize_t size , const char *errors , int *byteorder , Py_ssize_t *consumed ) ¶

若 consumed is NULL , behave like PyUnicode_DecodeUTF32() 。若 consumed 不是 NULL , PyUnicode_DecodeUTF32Stateful() will not treat trailing incomplete UTF-32 byte sequences (such as a number of bytes not divisible by four) as an error. Those bytes will not be decoded and the number of bytes that have been decoded will be stored in consumed .

2.6 版新增。

PyObject * PyUnicode_EncodeUTF32 ( const Py_UNICODE *s , Py_ssize_t size , const char *errors , int byteorder ) ¶

Return a Python bytes object holding the UTF-32 encoded value of the Unicode data in s . Output is written according to the following byte order:

byteorder == -1: little endian
byteorder == 0:  native byte order (writes a BOM mark)
byteorder == 1:  big endian
							

If byteorder is 0 , the output string will always start with the Unicode BOM mark (U+FEFF). In the other two modes, no BOM mark is prepended.

若 Py_UNICODE_WIDE is not defined, surrogate pairs will be output as a single code point.

返回 NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.

2.6 版新增。

PyObject * PyUnicode_AsUTF32String ( PyObject *unicode ) ¶

Return a Python string using the UTF-32 encoding in native byte order. The string always starts with a BOM mark. Error handling is “strict”. Return NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.

2.6 版新增。

UTF-16 编解码器 ¶

These are the UTF-16 codec APIs:

PyObject * PyUnicode_DecodeUTF16 ( const char *s , Py_ssize_t size , const char *errors , int *byteorder ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

解码 size bytes from a UTF-16 encoded buffer string and return the corresponding Unicode object. errors (if non- NULL ) defines the error handling. It defaults to “strict”.

若 byteorder 为非 NULL , the decoder starts decoding using the given byte order:

*byteorder == -1: little endian
*byteorder == 0:  native order
*byteorder == 1:  big endian
							

若 *byteorder is zero, and the first two bytes of the input data are a byte order mark (BOM), the decoder switches to this byte order and the BOM is not copied into the resulting Unicode string. If *byteorder is -1 or 1 , any byte order mark is copied to the output (where it will result in either a \ufeff 或 \ufffe character).

After completion, *byteorder is set to the current byte order at the end of input data.

若 byteorder is NULL , the codec starts in native order mode.

返回 NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.

Changed in version 2.5: This function used an int type for size . This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.

PyObject * PyUnicode_DecodeUTF16Stateful ( const char *s , Py_ssize_t size , const char *errors , int *byteorder , Py_ssize_t *consumed ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

若 consumed is NULL , behave like PyUnicode_DecodeUTF16() 。若 consumed 不是 NULL , PyUnicode_DecodeUTF16Stateful() will not treat trailing incomplete UTF-16 byte sequences (such as an odd number of bytes or a split surrogate pair) as an error. Those bytes will not be decoded and the number of bytes that have been decoded will be stored in consumed .

2.4 版新增。

Changed in version 2.5: This function used an int type for size 和 int * type for consumed . This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.

PyObject * PyUnicode_EncodeUTF16 ( const Py_UNICODE *s , Py_ssize_t size , const char *errors , int byteorder ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

Return a Python string object holding the UTF-16 encoded value of the Unicode data in s . Output is written according to the following byte order:

byteorder == -1: little endian
byteorder == 0:  native byte order (writes a BOM mark)
byteorder == 1:  big endian
							

If byteorder is 0 , the output string will always start with the Unicode BOM mark (U+FEFF). In the other two modes, no BOM mark is prepended.

若 Py_UNICODE_WIDE is defined, a single Py_UNICODE value may get represented as a surrogate pair. If it is not defined, each Py_UNICODE values is interpreted as a UCS-2 character.

返回 NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.

Changed in version 2.5: This function used an int type for size . This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.

PyObject * PyUnicode_AsUTF16String ( PyObject *unicode ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

Return a Python string using the UTF-16 encoding in native byte order. The string always starts with a BOM mark. Error handling is “strict”. Return NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.

UTF-7 编解码器 ¶

These are the UTF-7 codec APIs:

PyObject * PyUnicode_DecodeUTF7 ( const char *s , Py_ssize_t size , const char *errors ) ¶

Create a Unicode object by decoding size bytes of the UTF-7 encoded string s 。返回 NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.

PyObject * PyUnicode_DecodeUTF7Stateful ( const char *s , Py_ssize_t size , const char *errors , Py_ssize_t *consumed ) ¶

若 consumed is NULL , behave like PyUnicode_DecodeUTF7() 。若 consumed 不是 NULL , trailing incomplete UTF-7 base-64 sections will not be treated as an error. Those bytes will not be decoded and the number of bytes that have been decoded will be stored in consumed .

PyObject * PyUnicode_EncodeUTF7 ( const Py_UNICODE *s , Py_ssize_t size , int base64SetO , int base64WhiteSpace , const char *errors ) ¶

编码 Py_UNICODE buffer of the given size using UTF-7 and return a Python bytes object. Return NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.

若 base64SetO is nonzero, “Set O” (punctuation that has no otherwise special meaning) will be encoded in base-64. If base64WhiteSpace is nonzero, whitespace will be encoded in base-64. Both are set to zero for the Python “utf-7” codec.

Unicode 转义编解码器 ¶

These are the “Unicode Escape” codec APIs:

PyObject * PyUnicode_DecodeUnicodeEscape ( const char *s , Py_ssize_t size , const char *errors ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

Create a Unicode object by decoding size bytes of the Unicode-Escape encoded string s 。返回 NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.

Changed in version 2.5: This function used an int type for size . This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.

PyObject * PyUnicode_EncodeUnicodeEscape ( const Py_UNICODE *s , Py_ssize_t size ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

编码 Py_UNICODE buffer of the given size using Unicode-Escape and return a Python string object. Return NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.

Changed in version 2.5: This function used an int type for size . This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.

PyObject * PyUnicode_AsUnicodeEscapeString ( PyObject *unicode ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

Encode a Unicode object using Unicode-Escape and return the result as Python string object. Error handling is “strict”. Return NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.

原生 Unicode 转义编解码器 ¶

These are the “Raw Unicode Escape” codec APIs:

PyObject * PyUnicode_DecodeRawUnicodeEscape ( const char *s , Py_ssize_t size , const char *errors ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

Create a Unicode object by decoding size bytes of the Raw-Unicode-Escape encoded string s 。返回 NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.

Changed in version 2.5: This function used an int type for size . This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.

PyObject * PyUnicode_EncodeRawUnicodeEscape ( const Py_UNICODE *s , Py_ssize_t size , const char *errors ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

编码 Py_UNICODE buffer of the given size using Raw-Unicode-Escape and return a Python string object. Return NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.

Changed in version 2.5: This function used an int type for size . This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.

PyObject * PyUnicode_AsRawUnicodeEscapeString ( PyObject *unicode ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

Encode a Unicode object using Raw-Unicode-Escape and return the result as Python string object. Error handling is “strict”. Return NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.

Latin-1 编解码器 ¶

These are the Latin-1 codec APIs: Latin-1 corresponds to the first 256 Unicode ordinals and only these are accepted by the codecs during encoding.

PyObject * PyUnicode_DecodeLatin1 ( const char *s , Py_ssize_t size , const char *errors ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

Create a Unicode object by decoding size bytes of the Latin-1 encoded string s 。返回 NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.

Changed in version 2.5: This function used an int type for size . This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.

PyObject * PyUnicode_EncodeLatin1 ( const Py_UNICODE *s , Py_ssize_t size , const char *errors ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

编码 Py_UNICODE buffer of the given size using Latin-1 and return a Python string object. Return NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.

Changed in version 2.5: This function used an int type for size . This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.

PyObject * PyUnicode_AsLatin1String ( PyObject *unicode ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

Encode a Unicode object using Latin-1 and return the result as Python string object. Error handling is “strict”. Return NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.

ASCII 编解码器 ¶

These are the ASCII codec APIs. Only 7-bit ASCII data is accepted. All other codes generate errors.

PyObject * PyUnicode_DecodeASCII ( const char *s , Py_ssize_t size , const char *errors ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

Create a Unicode object by decoding size bytes of the ASCII encoded string s 。返回 NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.

Changed in version 2.5: This function used an int type for size . This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.

PyObject * PyUnicode_EncodeASCII ( const Py_UNICODE *s , Py_ssize_t size , const char *errors ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

编码 Py_UNICODE buffer of the given size using ASCII and return a Python string object. Return NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.

Changed in version 2.5: This function used an int type for size . This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.

PyObject * PyUnicode_AsASCIIString ( PyObject *unicode ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

Encode a Unicode object using ASCII and return the result as Python string object. Error handling is “strict”. Return NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.

字符映射编解码器 ¶

This codec is special in that it can be used to implement many different codecs (and this is in fact what was done to obtain most of the standard codecs included in the encodings package). The codec uses mapping to encode and decode characters.

Decoding mappings must map single string characters to single Unicode characters, integers (which are then interpreted as Unicode ordinals) or None (meaning “undefined mapping” and causing an error).

Encoding mappings must map single Unicode characters to single string characters, integers (which are then interpreted as Latin-1 ordinals) or None (meaning “undefined mapping” and causing an error).

The mapping objects provided must only support the __getitem__ mapping interface.

If a character lookup fails with a LookupError, the character is copied as-is meaning that its ordinal value will be interpreted as Unicode or Latin-1 ordinal resp. Because of this, mappings only need to contain those mappings which map characters to different code points.

These are the mapping codec APIs:

PyObject * PyUnicode_DecodeCharmap ( const char *s , Py_ssize_t size , PyObject *mapping , const char *errors ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

Create a Unicode object by decoding size bytes of the encoded string s 使用给定 映射 object. Return NULL if an exception was raised by the codec. If 映射 is NULL latin-1 decoding will be done. Else it can be a dictionary mapping byte or a unicode string, which is treated as a lookup table. Byte values greater that the length of the string and U+FFFE “characters” are treated as “undefined mapping”.

2.4 版改变： Allowed unicode string as mapping argument.

Changed in version 2.5: This function used an int type for size . This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.

PyObject * PyUnicode_EncodeCharmap ( const Py_UNICODE *s , Py_ssize_t size , PyObject *mapping , const char *errors ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

编码 Py_UNICODE buffer of the given size 使用给定 映射 object and return a Python string object. Return NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.

Changed in version 2.5: This function used an int type for size . This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.

PyObject * PyUnicode_AsCharmapString ( PyObject *unicode , PyObject *mapping ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

Encode a Unicode object using the given 映射 object and return the result as Python string object. Error handling is “strict”. Return NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.

The following codec API is special in that maps Unicode to Unicode.

PyObject * PyUnicode_TranslateCharmap ( const Py_UNICODE *s , Py_ssize_t size , PyObject *table , const char *errors ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

Translate a Py_UNICODE buffer of the given size by applying a character mapping table to it and return the resulting Unicode object. Return NULL when an exception was raised by the codec.

The 映射 table must map Unicode ordinal integers to Unicode ordinal integers or None (causing deletion of the character).

Mapping tables need only provide the __getitem__() interface; dictionaries and sequences work well. Unmapped character ordinals (ones which cause a LookupError ) are left untouched and are copied as-is.

Changed in version 2.5: This function used an int type for size . This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.

用于 Windows 的 MBCS 编解码器 ¶

These are the MBCS codec APIs. They are currently only available on Windows and use the Win32 MBCS converters to implement the conversions. Note that MBCS (or DBCS) is a class of encodings, not just one. The target encoding is defined by the user settings on the machine running the codec.

PyObject * PyUnicode_DecodeMBCS ( const char *s , Py_ssize_t size , const char *errors ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

Create a Unicode object by decoding size bytes of the MBCS encoded string s 。返回 NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.

Changed in version 2.5: This function used an int type for size . This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.

PyObject * PyUnicode_DecodeMBCSStateful ( const char *s , int size , const char *errors , int *consumed ) ¶

若 consumed is NULL , behave like PyUnicode_DecodeMBCS() 。若 consumed 不是 NULL , PyUnicode_DecodeMBCSStateful() will not decode trailing lead byte and the number of bytes that have been decoded will be stored in consumed .

2.5 版新增。

PyObject * PyUnicode_EncodeMBCS ( const Py_UNICODE *s , Py_ssize_t size , const char *errors ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

编码 Py_UNICODE buffer of the given size using MBCS and return a Python string object. Return NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.

Changed in version 2.5: This function used an int type for size . This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.

PyObject * PyUnicode_AsMBCSString ( PyObject *unicode ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

Encode a Unicode object using MBCS and return the result as Python string object. Error handling is “strict”. Return NULL if an exception was raised by the codec.

方法 & 槽 ¶

方法和槽函数 ¶

The following APIs are capable of handling Unicode objects and strings on input (we refer to them as strings in the descriptions) and return Unicode objects or integers as appropriate.

They all return NULL or -1 if an exception occurs.

PyObject * PyUnicode_Concat ( PyObject *left , PyObject *right ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

Concat two strings giving a new Unicode string.

PyObject * PyUnicode_Split ( PyObject *s , PyObject *sep , Py_ssize_t maxsplit ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

Split a string giving a list of Unicode strings. If sep is NULL , splitting will be done at all whitespace substrings. Otherwise, splits occur at the given separator. At most maxsplit splits will be done. If negative, no limit is set. Separators are not included in the resulting list.

Changed in version 2.5: This function used an int type for maxsplit . This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.

PyObject * PyUnicode_Splitlines ( PyObject *s , int keepend ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

Split a Unicode string at line breaks, returning a list of Unicode strings. CRLF is considered to be one line break. If keepend is 0 , the Line break characters are not included in the resulting strings.

PyObject * PyUnicode_Translate ( PyObject *str , PyObject *table , const char *errors ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

Translate a string by applying a character mapping table to it and return the resulting Unicode object.

The mapping table must map Unicode ordinal integers to Unicode ordinal integers or None (causing deletion of the character).

Mapping tables need only provide the __getitem__() interface; dictionaries and sequences work well. Unmapped character ordinals (ones which cause a LookupError ) are left untouched and are copied as-is.

errors has the usual meaning for codecs. It may be NULL which indicates to use the default error handling.

PyObject * PyUnicode_Join ( PyObject *separator , PyObject *seq ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

Join a sequence of strings using the given separator and return the resulting Unicode string.

Py_ssize_t PyUnicode_Tailmatch ( PyObject *str , PyObject *substr , Py_ssize_t start , Py_ssize_t end , int direction ) ¶

返回 1 if substr 匹配 str[start:end] at the given tail end ( direction == -1 means to do a prefix match, direction == 1 a suffix match), 0 otherwise. Return -1 若出现错误。

Changed in version 2.5: This function used an int type for start and end . This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.

Py_ssize_t PyUnicode_Find ( PyObject *str , PyObject *substr , Py_ssize_t start , Py_ssize_t end , int direction ) ¶

Return the first position of substr in str[start:end] 使用给定 direction ( direction == 1 means to do a forward search, direction == -1 a backward search). The return value is the index of the first match; a value of -1 indicates that no match was found, and -2 indicates that an error occurred and an exception has been set.

Changed in version 2.5: This function used an int type for start and end . This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.

Py_ssize_t PyUnicode_Count ( PyObject *str , PyObject *substr , Py_ssize_t start , Py_ssize_t end ) ¶

Return the number of non-overlapping occurrences of substr in str[start:end] 。返回 -1 若出现错误。

Changed in version 2.5: This function returned an int type and used an int type for start and end . This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.

PyObject * PyUnicode_Replace ( PyObject *str , PyObject *substr , PyObject *replstr , Py_ssize_t maxcount ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

Replace at most maxcount occurrences of substr in str with replstr and return the resulting Unicode object. maxcount == -1 means replace all occurrences.

Changed in version 2.5: This function used an int type for maxcount . This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.

int PyUnicode_Compare ( PyObject *left , PyObject *right ) ¶

Compare two strings and return -1 , 0 , 1 for less than, equal, and greater than, respectively.

int PyUnicode_RichCompare ( PyObject *left , PyObject *right , int op ) ¶

Rich compare two unicode strings and return one of the following:

• NULL in case an exception was raised

• Py_True or Py_False for successful comparisons

• Py_NotImplemented in case the type combination is unknown

注意， Py_EQ and Py_NE comparisons can cause a UnicodeWarning in case the conversion of the arguments to Unicode fails with a UnicodeDecodeError .

可能的值对于 op are Py_GT , Py_GE , Py_EQ , Py_NE , Py_LT ，和 Py_LE .

PyObject * PyUnicode_Format ( PyObject *format , PyObject *args ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

Return a new string object from format and args ; this is analogous to format % args .

int PyUnicode_Contains ( PyObject *container , PyObject *element ) ¶

校验是否 element is contained in container and return true or false accordingly.

element has to coerce to a one element Unicode string. -1 is returned if there was an error.

内容表

• Unicode 对象和编解码器
  • Unicode 对象
    • Unicode 类型
    • Unicode 字符特性
    • Plain Py_UNICODE
    • wchar_t 支持
  • 内置编解码器
    • 一般编解码器
    • UTF-8 编解码器
    • UTF-32 编解码器
    • UTF-16 编解码器
    • UTF-7 编解码器
    • Unicode 转义编解码器
    • 原生 Unicode 转义编解码器
    • Latin-1 编解码器
    • ASCII 编解码器
    • 字符映射编解码器
    • 用于 Windows 的 MBCS 编解码器
    • 方法 & 槽
  • 方法和槽函数

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