很高级层 ¶

The functions in this chapter will let you execute Python source code given in a file or a buffer, but they will not let you interact in a more detailed way with the interpreter.

Several of these functions accept a start symbol from the grammar as a parameter. The available start symbols are Py_eval_input , Py_file_input ，和 Py_single_input . These are described following the functions which accept them as parameters.

Note also that several of these functions take FILE* parameters. One particular issue which needs to be handled carefully is that the FILE structure for different C libraries can be different and incompatible. Under Windows (at least), it is possible for dynamically linked extensions to actually use different libraries, so care should be taken that FILE* parameters are only passed to these functions if it is certain that they were created by the same library that the Python runtime is using.

int Py_Main ( int  argc , char  **argv ) ¶

The main program for the standard interpreter. This is made available for programs which embed Python. The argc and argv parameters should be prepared exactly as those which are passed to a C program’s main() function. It is important to note that the argument list may be modified (but the contents of the strings pointed to by the argument list are not). The return value will be 0 if the interpreter exits normally (ie, without an exception), 1 if the interpreter exits due to an exception, or 2 if the parameter list does not represent a valid Python command line.

Note that if an otherwise unhandled SystemExit is raised, this function will not return 1 , but exit the process, as long as Py_InspectFlag is not set.

int PyRun_AnyFile ( FILE  *fp , const char  *filename ) ¶

这是简化接口对于 PyRun_AnyFileExFlags() below, leaving closeit 设为 0 and flags 设为 NULL .

int PyRun_AnyFileFlags ( FILE  *fp , const char  *filename , PyCompilerFlags  *flags ) ¶

这是简化接口对于 PyRun_AnyFileExFlags() below, leaving the closeit 自变量设为 0 .

int PyRun_AnyFileEx ( FILE  *fp , const char  *filename , int  closeit ) ¶

这是简化接口对于 PyRun_AnyFileExFlags() below, leaving the flags 自变量设为 NULL .

int PyRun_AnyFileExFlags ( FILE  *fp , const char  *filename , int  closeit , PyCompilerFlags  *flags ) ¶

若 fp refers to a file associated with an interactive device (console or terminal input or Unix pseudo-terminal), return the value of PyRun_InteractiveLoop() , otherwise return the result of PyRun_SimpleFile() 。若 filename is NULL , this function uses "???" as the filename.

int PyRun_SimpleString ( const char  *command ) ¶

这是简化接口对于 PyRun_SimpleStringFlags() below, leaving the PyCompilerFlags* argument set to NULL.

int PyRun_SimpleStringFlags ( const char  *command , PyCompilerFlags  *flags ) ¶

Executes the Python source code from 命令 在 __main__ module according to the flags 自变量。若 __main__ does not already exist, it is created. Returns 0 当成功时或 -1 if an exception was raised. If there was an error, there is no way to get the exception information. For the meaning of flags , see below.

Note that if an otherwise unhandled SystemExit is raised, this function will not return -1 , but exit the process, as long as Py_InspectFlag is not set.

int PyRun_SimpleFile ( FILE  *fp , const char  *filename ) ¶

这是简化接口对于 PyRun_SimpleFileExFlags() below, leaving closeit 设为 0 and flags 设为 NULL .

int PyRun_SimpleFileFlags ( FILE  *fp , const char  *filename , PyCompilerFlags  *flags ) ¶

这是简化接口对于 PyRun_SimpleFileExFlags() below, leaving closeit 设为 0 .

int PyRun_SimpleFileEx ( FILE  *fp , const char  *filename , int  closeit ) ¶

这是简化接口对于 PyRun_SimpleFileExFlags() below, leaving flags 设为 NULL .

int PyRun_SimpleFileExFlags ( FILE  *fp , const char  *filename , int  closeit , PyCompilerFlags  *flags ) ¶

类似于 PyRun_SimpleStringFlags() , but the Python source code is read from fp instead of an in-memory string. filename should be the name of the file. If closeit is true, the file is closed before PyRun_SimpleFileExFlags returns.

int PyRun_InteractiveOne ( FILE  *fp , const char  *filename ) ¶

这是简化接口对于 PyRun_InteractiveOneFlags() below, leaving flags 设为 NULL .

int PyRun_InteractiveOneFlags ( FILE  *fp , const char  *filename , PyCompilerFlags  *flags ) ¶

Read and execute a single statement from a file associated with an interactive device according to the flags argument. The user will be prompted using sys.ps1 and sys.ps2 。返回 0 when the input was executed successfully, -1 if there was an exception, or an error code from the errcode.h include file distributed as part of Python if there was a parse error. (Note that errcode.h is not included by Python.h , so must be included specifically if needed.)

int PyRun_InteractiveLoop ( FILE  *fp , const char  *filename ) ¶

这是简化接口对于 PyRun_InteractiveLoopFlags() below, leaving flags 设为 NULL .

int PyRun_InteractiveLoopFlags ( FILE  *fp , const char  *filename , PyCompilerFlags  *flags ) ¶

Read and execute statements from a file associated with an interactive device until EOF is reached. The user will be prompted using sys.ps1 and sys.ps2 。返回 0 at EOF.

struct _node* PyParser_SimpleParseString ( const char  *str , int  start ) ¶

这是简化接口对于 PyParser_SimpleParseStringFlagsFilename() below, leaving filename 设为 NULL and flags 设为 0 .

struct _node* PyParser_SimpleParseStringFlags ( const char  *str , int  start , int  flags ) ¶

这是简化接口对于 PyParser_SimpleParseStringFlagsFilename() below, leaving filename 设为 NULL .

struct _node* PyParser_SimpleParseStringFlagsFilename ( const char  *str , const char  *filename , int  start , int  flags ) ¶

Parse Python source code from str using the start token start 根据 flags argument. The result can be used to create a code object which can be evaluated efficiently. This is useful if a code fragment must be evaluated many times.

struct _node* PyParser_SimpleParseFile ( FILE  *fp , const char  *filename , int  start ) ¶

这是简化接口对于 PyParser_SimpleParseFileFlags() below, leaving flags 设为 0

struct _node* PyParser_SimpleParseFileFlags ( FILE  *fp , const char  *filename , int  start , int  flags ) ¶

类似于 PyParser_SimpleParseStringFlagsFilename() , but the Python source code is read from fp instead of an in-memory string.

PyObject * PyRun_String ( const char  *str , int  start , PyObject  *globals , PyObject  *locals ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

这是简化接口对于 PyRun_StringFlags() below, leaving flags 设为 NULL .

PyObject * PyRun_StringFlags ( const char  *str , int  start , PyObject  *globals , PyObject  *locals , PyCompilerFlags  *flags ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

Execute Python source code from str in the context specified by the dictionaries globals and locals with the compiler flags specified by flags . The parameter start specifies the start token that should be used to parse the source code.

Returns the result of executing the code as a Python object, or NULL if an exception was raised.

PyObject * PyRun_File ( FILE  *fp , const char  *filename , int  start , PyObject  *globals , PyObject  *locals ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

这是简化接口对于 PyRun_FileExFlags() below, leaving closeit 设为 0 and flags 设为 NULL .

PyObject * PyRun_FileEx ( FILE  *fp , const char  *filename , int  start , PyObject  *globals , PyObject  *locals , int  closeit ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

这是简化接口对于 PyRun_FileExFlags() below, leaving flags 设为 NULL .

PyObject * PyRun_FileFlags ( FILE  *fp , const char  *filename , int  start , PyObject  *globals , PyObject  *locals , PyCompilerFlags  *flags ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

这是简化接口对于 PyRun_FileExFlags() below, leaving closeit 设为 0 .

PyObject * PyRun_FileExFlags ( FILE  *fp , const char  *filename , int  start , PyObject  *globals , PyObject  *locals , int  closeit , PyCompilerFlags  *flags ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

类似于 PyRun_StringFlags() , but the Python source code is read from fp instead of an in-memory string. filename should be the name of the file. If closeit is true, the file is closed before PyRun_FileExFlags() 返回。

PyObject * Py_CompileString ( const char  *str , const char  *filename , int  start ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

这是简化接口对于 Py_CompileStringFlags() below, leaving flags 设为 NULL .

PyObject * Py_CompileStringFlags ( const char  *str , const char  *filename , int  start , PyCompilerFlags  *flags ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

Parse and compile the Python source code in str , returning the resulting code object. The start token is given by start ; this can be used to constrain the code which can be compiled and should be Py_eval_input , Py_file_input ，或 Py_single_input . The filename specified by filename is used to construct the code object and may appear in tracebacks or SyntaxError exception messages. This returns NULL if the code cannot be parsed or compiled.

PyObject * PyEval_EvalCode ( PyCodeObject  *co , PyObject  *globals , PyObject  *locals ) ¶

返回值：新引用。

这是简化接口对于 PyEval_EvalCodeEx() , with just the code object, and the dictionaries of global and local variables. The other arguments are set to NULL .

PyObject * PyEval_EvalCodeEx ( PyCodeObject  *co , PyObject  *globals , PyObject  *locals , PyObject  **args , int  argcount , PyObject  **kws , int  kwcount , PyObject  **defs , int  defcount , PyObject  *closure ) ¶

Evaluate a precompiled code object, given a particular environment for its evaluation. This environment consists of dictionaries of global and local variables, arrays of arguments, keywords and defaults, and a closure tuple of cells.

PyObject * PyEval_EvalFrame ( PyFrameObject  *f ) ¶

Evaluate an execution frame. This is a simplified interface to PyEval_EvalFrameEx, for backward compatibility.

PyObject * PyEval_EvalFrameEx ( PyFrameObject  *f , int  throwflag ) ¶

This is the main, unvarnished function of Python interpretation. It is literally 2000 lines long. The code object associated with the execution frame f is executed, interpreting bytecode and executing calls as needed. The additional throwflag parameter can mostly be ignored - if true, then it causes an exception to immediately be thrown; this is used for the throw() methods of generator objects.

int PyEval_MergeCompilerFlags ( PyCompilerFlags  *cf ) ¶

This function changes the flags of the current evaluation frame, and returns true on success, false on failure.

int Py_eval_input ¶

The start symbol from the Python grammar for isolated expressions; for use with Py_CompileString() .

int Py_file_input ¶

The start symbol from the Python grammar for sequences of statements as read from a file or other source; for use with Py_CompileString() . This is the symbol to use when compiling arbitrarily long Python source code.

int Py_single_input ¶

The start symbol from the Python grammar for a single statement; for use with Py_CompileString() . This is the symbol used for the interactive interpreter loop.

struct PyCompilerFlags ¶

This is the structure used to hold compiler flags. In cases where code is only being compiled, it is passed as int flags , and in cases where code is being executed, it is passed as PyCompilerFlags *flags 。在此情况下， from __future__ import can modify flags .

Whenever PyCompilerFlags *flags is NULL , cf_flags is treated as equal to 0 , and any modification due to from __future__ import is discarded.

struct PyCompilerFlags {
    int cf_flags;
}
							

int CO_FUTURE_DIVISION ¶

This bit can be set in flags to cause division operator / to be interpreted as “true division” according to PEP 238 .

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